Dairy products are a must for millions of households. The melamine-tainted milk powder incident in China in 2008 exposed serious safety hazards in China's dairy industry and sounded the alarm on food safety in China. Nearly 10 years have passed, China's dairy industry has developed vigorously and healthily, and Chinese brands have begun to go to the world.
The production, collection, disinfection, fresh-keeping, packaging and transportation of modern milk are all very high requirements.
Ozone (03) is an efficient broad-spectrum fungicide, which has the effect of efficient sterilization, preservation and deodorization, and has no secondary pollution and no sanitary dead corners, and is widely used in the food field worldwide.
In April 1997, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) amended the rule that had been restricting the use of ozone as a "food additive" to allow the use of ozone in food processing and storage without application. It marks that ozone, as an absolutely safe disinfectant, has begun to assume the disinfection mission of the food and pharmaceutical industry. This is a milestone in the development of ozone technology, which plays a very important role in promoting the development of the food industry around the world, including China.
The application of ozone in dairy farms and milk products and dairy products health security system can effectively guarantee the production safety of the entire dairy product, so that the whole people can drink milk with confidence.
The technical essentials of ozone for critical control points for dairy farm and dairy hygiene are as follows:
1. Ozone disinfection of cattle sheds
Crowding, poor ventilation and poor cleaning of cattle sheds can easily spread bacteria. It is essential to improve the infrastructure and ensure cleanliness and regular disinfection to bring cattle sheds up to sanitary standards
1.1 Ozone disinfection of cow house air: Different concentrations of ozone are used for disinfection of living and non-living bodies, and the machine is turned on 2 to 3 times a day for 10-60 minutes each time. The bactericidal concentration of ozone can be controlled at 5-10ppm
(10-20mg/m3). [According to the national standard, the disinfection concentration is 20mg/m3].
1.2 Ozone deodorizes and deodorizes the air in the cow house: Ozone can effectively remove ammonia, hydrogen sulfide and other gases produced by cow excrement, not only eliminating toxicity, but also removing odor, so that cows can enjoy the natural air.
Ozone is very important for disinfection of cattle sheds, especially for calves with low resistance and easy disease.
Second, ozone shoe bath
In order to prevent the cow from moving, it is necessary to regularly overhaul (cut) the cow's hooves, and after repairing (cut) the hooves, the hoof bath should be carried out.
The traditional disinfectant for cow's foot bath is formalin (formaldehyde bath solution), which also uses copper or zinc sulfate. When the temperature of the formalin bath drops below 15 ° C, its effectiveness is reduced, and copper or zinc sulfate will corrode metal pipes when brought into the milking parlor by the hooves of cattle. If the ozone water bath shoes generated by the ozone generator are used, they not only achieve the purpose of disinfection, but also avoid bringing chemicals into the product and interrupting the production chain of green products. It also has therapeutic effects on injured or infected hooves. Note: The concentration of ozone water must reach a certain standard, otherwise the effect is not ideal.
Third, ozone disinfection of drinking water for dairy cows
As the saying goes: the disease enters from the mouth, the disinfection of drinking water can effectively protect the health of cows. Therefore, disinfection of drinking water for dairy cows is very necessary, and the drinking water after disinfection by the ozone generator is sterile and tasteless, preventing the spread of diseases from the water source. Ozone water has significant curative effect on vesicular stomatitis.
Fourth, ozone disinfection and mildew prevention of dairy cow feed
If you want to milk a cow, you have to eat poorly. The feed that cows eat every day can be divided into three categories: roughage, mixed concentrate and juicy feed. Roughage includes hay (such as wild hay, levets, alfalfa hay), crop straw (such as dry corn stalk, peanut vine, sweet potato vine), green feed (such as wild grass, corn green feed, green barley), silage (such as corn silage, barley silage, alfalfa silage). Mixed concentrate is mainly prepared by energy feed (corn meal, wheat bran), protein filling (cake meal, fish meal), mineral salts (calcium carbonate, calcium hydrogen phosphate, salt, magnesium sulfate) and vitamins (vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E, niacin), trace elements (iron, copper, zinc, manganese, cobalt, selenium, iodine) additives according to a certain proportion. Succulent feed mainly consists of roots (such as carrots, sweet potatoes) and dross (such as beer grains, bean curd residue, cornstarch residue).
These feed especially in the high temperature and high humidity in the rainy season prone to corruption. For example: good quality silage is green or yellow-green, sour and sweet, with a strong wine aroma or sour pear flavor, soft and moist in the hand. If the feed turns black or brown, smells sour, and is sticky or dry and hard in the hand, it indicates that the silage has become mildewed and needs to be treated. Using ozone gas disinfection method, using a certain concentration of ozone gas for regular quantitative fumigation of dairy cow feed, can be very effective in mildew prevention, mildew removal, fresh-keeping effect.
5. Ozone disinfects the air in the milking parlor
The milking parlor is the place where the flow of people and goods is the largest and most frequent, and HACCP is the focus here. The source of bacteria is the air, which must be disinfected. Compared with other disinfectants, ozone has incomparable advantages, no secondary pollution, no health dead Angle, the greater the environmental humidity, the better the sterilization effect of ozone. The ultraviolet disinfection not only has a sanitary dead corner, but also has no bactericidal effect when the humidity reaches more than 70%. Milking parlors are often very humid, and ozone disinfection is most suitable for high-humidity industries. The ozone disinfection of the milking parlor should be carried out 3 hours before milking, 2 hours after starting, and half an hour after stopping, the staff can carry out the milking parlor work.
Ozone is an efficient broad-spectrum sterilization, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, foot-and-mouth disease virus, water scar stomatitis virus, Bacillus subtilis, black variant bud, hepatitis B virus and other germs have a strong killing ability, when the ozone concentration reaches a certain bacterial lethal concentration, sterilization is instant completion, sterilization rate of 99.99%.
6. Disinfection of ozone milk transport pipes and containers
It is the most effective and time-saving method to disinfect milk pipelines and containers with ozone water. When the concentration of ozone water is more than 10mg/L, it can effectively kill Escherichia coli, staphylococcus aureus, mold, yeast, hepatitis B, poliomyelitis and other germs.
Traditional hydrogen peroxide, chlorine preparations, high temperature methods have residual or inconvenient operation disadvantages, has been unable to keep up with the pace of modern milk production.
Vii. Disinfection of dairy production process and packaging
The production process and packaging of dairy products must disinfect the air in the environment to kill various germs, including yeast, to avoid continued fermentation of dairy products and affect product quality.
In the entire production process of dairy products, the disinfection of ambient air is very important, especially in the canning workshop of sterilized milk and fermented milk production, the packaging workshop of milk powder production, and the molding and packaging workshop of cold food production. The control of low temperature bacteria in raw milk was strengthened by disinfection.
The method is: normal cleaning of working utensils, operation tables, containers, production lines and other production equipment, spraying or soaking with ozone water at room temperature, or using high concentration ozone gas fumigation, natural drying.
Ozone is the most simple and effective way to apply it to the critical control points of dairy farm and product health assurance.
Seven, the treatment of milk cow nipple rot
Using a certain concentration of ozone water, regular wiping and cleaning of the nipples of the cured cows can effectively prevent and treat the rot of the cows' teats. Ozone and olive oil can also be used to make ozone oil, which also has good results.
Summary: The use of ozone generators has greatly improved the quality of dairy farming and production of dairy products, but it should be noted that different ozone disinfection methods need to be used according to different stages and places to ultimately achieve good control of the quality of dairy products.
